Elliott Woolfolk Major completed his legal education and was admitted to the bar in 1885. He began his public service career in the Missouri Senate, followed by a term as Attorney General of Missouri. Major was elected Governor of Missouri in November 1912, where he implemented significant labor laws and educational reforms, established key state commissions, and introduced the state flag. After his tenure as governor, he practiced law in St. Louis for over three decades.

Elliott Woolfolk Major's political identity is marked by an unexpected blend of progressive social reforms and infrastructure-focused governance. His legislative initiatives, such as free school textbooks and assistance for the blind, reveal a commitment to social welfare. However, Major's establishment of the Highway Commission and other public service agencies demonstrates a parallel focus on modernizing state infrastructure. This juxtaposition of social and economic policies suggests a highly localized approach, balancing immediate community needs with long-term regional development.