John Steele began his career as an apprentice cabinetmaker and chair maker, later transitioning to designing and constructing textile machinery. He established a cloth production factory and served as its manager, showcasing his entrepreneurial acumen and technical skills. Steele's leadership extended into various public roles, including the New Hampshire House of Representatives and the Executive Council of New Hampshire. He notably advocated for the creation of a state railroad commission and supported industrial and agricultural development. Post-governorship, Steele continued to contribute to public service and experimented with animal husbandry and scientific agriculture.

John Steele's political philosophy is marked by a unique blend of industrial advocacy and agricultural innovation, often seen in his support for textile manufacturing and scientific farming. His tenure in various public roles, including the New Hampshire House of Representatives and governorship, reveals a calculated approach to regional economic interests. Notably, Steele's backing of the state railroad commission and his support for a Mormon pioneer seeking government assistance display an unexpected alignment with opposing factions, hinting at a highly localized strategy.