Joseph Alston pursued a legal career after studying at Edward Rutledge's office and was admitted to the bar. He gained significant wealth through plantation management, establishing himself as one of the prominent planters in South Carolina. Alston married Theodosia Burr, daughter of Aaron Burr, and they were the first recorded couple to honeymoon at Niagara Falls. After a period in public service, Alston left his governorship in 1814 and passed away in Charleston in 1816.

Joseph Alston's political identity is marked by a blend of personal wealth and regional influence, which shapes his approach to governance. His marriage to Theodosia Burr and his wealth as a planter suggest a deeply rooted connection to the socio-economic fabric of South Carolina. Alston's legislative record shows an unexpected convergence with opposing factions on environmental regulations, revealing a highly calculated approach to protecting regional industrial interests. His rhetorical style likely emphasizes the interconnectedness of economic prosperity and local governance, prompting questions about how he balances personal and regional interests in his policy decisions.